The most important of these impacts are reducing the welfare of people - especially the poor- due to non-optimal allocation of resources, increased premiums and reduced insurance coverage, negative external effects, reduced technical efficiency and allocative efficiency, as well as a reduction in using the benefits of risk pooling ( 2). Moral hazard has negative impacts on society and on the health care system. Moral hazard means changes in health-related behaviors and the amount of health care services consumed due to having health insurance ( 1). Meanwhile, one of the major issues that health care systems, and in particular the insurance organizations, have faced over the past decade, is the moral hazard issue. In facing increasing costs of health care systems around the world, limiting the costs is the common goal of most reforms conducted in health care systems. This issue is more eminent in health sector due to the application of diverse diagnostic, therapeutic and rehabilitation methods, as well as using advanced, expensive and complicated equipment for a significant proportion of the population. Today, due to advancement of technology in various fields of manufacturing and services, the growing costs have become inevitable.
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